#Cataplexy vs syncope full#
Besides the Valsalva produced by a great fit of laughter, laughter itself has its own neuroendocrine and vasculature effects that may play a role. Syncope is a transient and abrupt loss of consciousness with complete return to preexisting neurologic function. Cataplexy is a sudden and transient episode of muscle weakness accompanied by full conscious awareness, typically triggered by emotions such as laughing. This phenomenon is likely a subtype of benign Valsalva-related syncope, with autonomic reflex arcs coming into play that ultimately result in global cerebral hypoperfusion. Cataplexy mimics include syncope, epilepsy, hyperekplexia, drop attacks and pseudocataplexy. In this review of laughter-induced syncope, we describe a patient of ours who fit these descriptions. Many of these patients subsequently underwent full syncope workups, without elucidating a primary cardiac or neurologic cause. These episodes could recur in a similar situation with such laughter. La narcolepsia es un trastorno que afecta al sistema nervioso y produce en la persona somnolencia extrema durante el día y ataques repentinos de sueño.
After the syncopal episodes that were seconds in length, the patients regained consciousness, and at that point were fully oriented. It is typically provoked by strong emotions, particularly laughter. There were no seizure-like movements, automatisms, or bladder or bowel incontinence. Cataplexy is the name of a curious clinical phenomenon characterized by attacks of sudden loss of muscle tone, while consciousness is preserved. We present a patient who suffered syncope as a result of intense laughter, and hypothesize that this is analogous to other types of Valsalva-induced syncope. The common scenario described in a few reports involved episodes of fortuitous laughter, sometimes followed by a short prodrome of lightheadedness, facial flushing, and dizziness, followed by an episode of definite syncope. All rights reserved.Reported cases of syncope caused directly by laughter are rare. TIA carotid sinuy syndrome cataplexy cough syncope drop attacks epilepsy neurally mediated syncope otrhostatic hypotension psychogenic spells seizures sleep attacks subclavian steal syndrome syncope transient loss of consciousness vasovagal attacks. Management strategies involve pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions, and cardiac pacing. Blood testing, electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, echocardiography, head-up tilt test, carotid sinus massage, Holter monitoring, and loop recorders should be obtained only in specific contexts. Basic diagnostic workup of TLOC includes a thorough history and physical examination, and a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG).
3 While syncope causes LOC through global cerebral hypoperfusion, some seizures cause LOC by decreasing or disorganizing activity in the reticular activating system (RAS). Nonsyncopal TLOC may be due to neurologic (epilepsy, sleep attacks, and other states with fluctuating vigilance), medical (hypoglycemia, drugs), psychiatric, or post-traumatic disorders. This study was a prospective, controlled, multi-centre study that compared, in patients presenting as emergencies at general hospitals, a new standardized method of syncope management based on a decision-making approach (standardized-care group) vs. One study showed that 40 out of 822 patients presenting with syncope ultimately were diagnosed with seizure. Rarely neurologic disorders (such as epilepsy, transient ischemic attacks, and the subclavian steal syndrome) can lead to cerebal hypoperfusion and syncope. The most common causes of syncopal TLOC include: (1) cardiogenic syncope (cardiac arrhythmias, structural cardiac diseases, others) (2) orthostatic hypotension (due to drugs, hypovolemia, primary or secondary autonomic failure, others) (3) neurally mediated syncope (cardioinhibitory, vasodepressor, and mixed forms). The term TLOC is used when the cause is either unrelated to cerebral hypoperfusion or is unknown. Syncope describes a sudden and brief transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) with postural failure due to cerebral global hypoperfusion.
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